While exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. 13 02.482; Alaska Admin. No motor vehicle or person is approaching on the street or highway to be crossed or entered or is so far away from the intersection that it does not constitute an immediate hazard. 32:1(92); 32 194. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute, which you can find here. However, the Indiana Drivers Manual does caution that, after parking and before opening vehicle doors, a motorist should first check for bicyclists: http://www.in.gov/bmv/files/Drivers_Manual_Chapter_5.pdf. The Consumer Product Safety Commission has clarified that the federal law does allow e-bikes to travel faster than 20 mph when using a combination of human and motor power. At least 75% of the funds generated by the plates must go to: For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.flhsmv.gov/dmv/specialtytags/miscellaneous/share_the_road.html. South Dakota does not specifically provide for local authorities to regulate the operation of bicycles or require registration of bicycles, although such authorities may regulate the operation of bicycles through the exercise of their other legal powers. Ch. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Maine are generally found in Title 29-A of the Maine Revised Statutes (Me. Michigan's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Transp. Ohio Bicycle Federation Digest of Bicycle laws: Ohio Department of Transportation's Cycling Smarter Guide: Summary of Ohio Bike Laws by Steve Magas: If the violation results in a collision causing serious physical injury to another person, the person shall be subject to a fine of not more than $500.00; and. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload property or passengers. Source: Mass. Nebraska does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. According to a 2018bicycleindustry analysis,e-bikes sales increased 83 percent between May of 2017 and May of 2018, and e-bikes made up 10 percent ofoverall bikes sales in the U.S. for that time period. Ann. Sources: Colo. Rev. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. tit. It is legal for all persons of any age to operate a bicycle without wearing a helmet unless otherwise provided by a municipal regulation. Texas does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Rev. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. Ann. In Idaho, bicycles are defined as vehicles. Regs. A pedestrian, including those persons actually engaged in work upon a highway, or in work upon utility facilities along a highway, or engaged in the provision of emergency services within the right-of-way; or. Pennsylvania requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. Vehicles and horses generally cannot go on sidewalks, but bicycles are not vehicles under New Jersey law. Rhode Island does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. Vermont currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Vt. Stat. The issuance of a citation for failure to wear a required helmet shall not be prima facie evidence of negligence. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. Ch. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. In Rhode Island, bicycles are defined as vehicles. 21-1207.1, Maryland, in conjunction with the Washington Area Bicyclist Association, offers Share the Road license plates. Code tit. Gen. Laws. Colorado has codified a three foot passing requirement in three rules to address the variety of circumstances in which a bicyclist may be overtaken by a motorist. 40-6-296; 40-6-292, Georgia, in conjunction with Georgia Bikes!, offers Share the Road license plates. In that case the law enforcement officer shall: In addition, the law enforcement officer may impound the bicycle operated by an intoxicated bicycle rider if the officer determines that impoundment is necessary to reduce a threat to public safety, and there are no reasonable alternatives to impoundment. Maryland requires that no person open the door of a motor vehicle on any side available to moving traffic unless: it is reasonably safe to do so; and it can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Oklahoma are generally found in Title 47 of the Oklahoma Statutes (Okla. Pennsylvania provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities on streets or highways within their physical boundaries from the reasonable exercise of their police powers. A minor is a person under 18 years of age. A court may also impose: 1) License suspension; and 2) An order of restitution. Comes to a full and complete stop at the intersection for two complete cycles of the traffic light or for two minutes, whichever is shorter; Otherwise treats the traffic control device as a stop sign; Determines that it is safe to proceed; and. West Virginia's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Florida requires the driver of a vehicle overtaking a bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle must pass the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle at a safe distance of not less than 3 feet between the vehicle and the bicycle or other non-motorized vehicle. Persons less than eighteen years of age from using a wireless telephone while operating a motor vehicle. E-bikes also provide a new transportation and recreation option for people with disabilities and those with physical limitations. In Virginia, no operator shall open the door of a parked motor vehicle on the side adjacent to moving vehicular traffic unless it is reasonably safe to do so. Nebraska Department of Roads Bicycle Safety pamphlet: University of Nebraska-Lincoln Bike Law resources: If there is more than one lane for traffic proceeding in the same direction, move the vehicle to the lane to the immediate left, if the lane is available and moving into the lane is reasonably safe; or. There is no law that requires bicycles to ride as far to the right as practicable. Stat. Maryland requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle pass safely at a distance of not less than 3 feet, unless, at the time: Drivers can cross to the left side of the roadway in a no-passing zone, typically marked by a double yellow line, in order to provide a safe passing distance to bicyclists. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of Texas are generally found in Titles 545 and 551 of the Texas Statutes (TS), available here: http://www.statutes.legis.state.tx.us/Search.aspx. When reasonably necessary to avoid unsafe conditions, including fixed or moving objects, parked or moving vehicles, pedestrians, animals, surface hazards or substandard width lanes that make it unsafe to ride along the right-hand edge or curb. In Delaware bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in Title 21 of the Delaware Code, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Source: Ohio Rev. Delaware provides that the driver of a motor vehicle, when approaching a bicyclist traveling in the same direction, shall ensure the safety and protection of the bicyclist by: Delaware requires that any person under the age of 18 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. This requirement does not apply to a driver operating a motor vehicle: Oregon requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Connecticut also has several statutes aimed at protecting bicyclists specifically. In Maryland, bicycles are defined as vehicles. South Carolina has no helmet law. Rhode Island requires that every person operating a bicycle upon a roadway shall ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction except where official traffic control devices (signs or pavement markings) specifically direct bicyclists to do otherwise. Stat. Code Ann. An individual lawfully operating a bicycle upon a sidewalk or a pedestrian crosswalk has all of the rights and responsibilities applicable to a pedestrian using that sidewalk or crosswalk. Rev. These mandates usually cover both operators and passengers on the motorcycle. However, a bicyclist is not required to ride at the edge of the roadway when it is unreasonable or unsafe to do so. Code tit. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. New Hampshire requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride with traffic on the right portion of the road as far as practicable except when it is unsafe to do so or: Source: N.H. Rev. New Hampshire does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. Pennsylvania requires that the driver of a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle proceeding in the same direction shall pass to the left of the bicycle within not less than four feet at a careful and prudent reduced speed. When reasonably necessary to avoid unsafe conditions subject to the provisions requiring a slow-moving vehicle, behind which five or more vehicles are formed in line, to turn off a roadway in order to permit the vehicles following it to proceed. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. When overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction under the rules governing that movement; When the right half of a roadway is closed to traffic while under construction or repair; Upon a roadway divided into three (3) marked lanes for traffic under the rules applicable thereon; or. Code), available here http://www.in.gov/legislative/ic/code/title9/. Washington currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Wash. Rev. The person is operating a bicycle on a one-way roadway with two or more marked traffic lanes, in which case they may ride as near as practicable to the left curb or edge of the roadway. Utah requires that no person open the door of any vehicle in the path of any approaching vehicle or bicycle. Ch.90, 12A. Nevertheless bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated. Maryland requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. Iowa currently has the following law aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Iowa requires that a bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as close as practicable to the right-hand edge of the roadway except under any of the following circumstances: Iowa does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. E-bikes are most frequently pedal-assist or muscle-assist, meaning the rider must be pedaling for the electric motor to engage. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on the side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. In addition, South Carolina provides that: South Carolina does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. E-bikes are emissions-free, low impact and operate silently. Too narrow for a bicycle and a motor vehicle to safely travel side by side. Idaho has no helmet law. Hawaii requires that every bicyclist, traveling at a speed less than the speed of traffic, must ride as near to the right-hand curb, on the edge of the roadway, or on the shoulder off of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction; except under any of the following situations: Hawaii provides that unless otherwise prohibited, a bicycle may be driven at a speed of ten miles per hour or less on a sidewalk or sidewalk area; provided that the driver of the bicycle shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian and that bicycle riding shall be prohibited on sidewalks in business districts. North Dakota has no helmet law. However two statutes, when taken together provide for the following: A driver of a non-motorized vehicle traveling upon a vehicular way or area shall, regardless of whether an official traffic-control device is present, slow to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and, if required for safety, stop. New York does not specifically provide for local authorities to regulate the operation of bicycles or require registration of bicycles, although such authorities may regulate the operation of bicycles through the exercise of their other legal powers. Source: Fla. Stat. The League of American Bicyclists is not responsible for any exclusions, omissions, deletions, or changes of relevant laws. 31-5-102(a)(lviii); 31-5-702. 18 1201.9-13. Source:Alaska Stat. In New Hampshire bicycles are vehicles and this prohibition applies to bicycles. Proceeding with caution and reducing the speed of the vehicle to a safe speed and leaving a reasonable and prudent distance by providing a minimum of 3 feet of clearance while passing such bicyclist, if changing lanes would be impossible or unsafe. There are currently no national standards for laws protecting vulnerable road users, but the League of American Bicyclists has drafted a Model Vulnerable Road User statute,which you can findhere. 66-8-102; 66-1-4.19. Arizona does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Bicycles are also subject to the rights and duties applicable to vehicles and must therefore drive upon the right half of the roadway, except when overtaking and passing another vehicle proceeding in the same direction. In all cases, the safe passing distance must not interfere with the safe operation of the bicycle. Source: Md. Massachusetts requires that in approaching or passing a person on a bicycle the operator of a motor vehicle shall slow down and pass at a safe distance and at a reasonable and proper speed. tit. Mississippi requires that no person open any door on a motor vehicle unless and until it is reasonably safe to do so and can be done without interfering with the movement of other traffic. A school bus driver may not operate a school bus while communicating over, or otherwise operating, a cellular phone for personal reasons, whether handheld or hands free, when the vehicle is in motion. Oregon's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. Pennsylvania requires that any person under the age of 12 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. However, Utah law also specifically provides that a person operating a non-motorized bicycle or a vehicle or device propelled by human power is not subject to the penalties related to operator licenses under alcohol and drug-related traffic offenses. With respect to speed, the research is mixed and somewhat inconclusive thus far with regards to the typical speed of e-bikes and how much that differs from traditional bicycles. Delaware does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Source: Tex. Source: Vt. Stat. For more information on such plates please visit: http://www.jeffrothcyclingfoundation.org/. 11-306(3.5), Illinois provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power from regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring the registration and licensing of same, including the requirement of a registration fee. ), available here: http://www.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS-484B.html, or here: http://search.leg.state.nv.us/NRS/NRS.html. Code Ann. tit. A person may not use a handheld wireless communication device while operating a moving motor vehicle on a highway in this state to: manually communicate through an electronic mail system; manually enter data into a handheld wireless communication device; send data, read text, or view images on a handheld wireless communication device; or. 3; Minn. Stat. Iowa provides that its state traffic laws shall not be deemed to prevent local authorities, with respect to streets and highways under their jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring the registration and licensing of the same, including the requirement of a registration fee. However, the regulations shall not conflict with relevant state laws regarding the operation of bicycles. In Illinois bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle as provided in the Illinois Vehicle Code, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. In addition, no person shall leave a door open on a side of a vehicle available to moving traffic for a period of time longer than necessary to load or unload passengers. South Carolina does not define who is a "vulnerable road user," but has several statutes aimed at protecting bicyclists specifically. A subsequent offense must have been committed within 2 years of the prior offense. 55-8-136(b); 55-8-199; 55-50-311; 55-9-105. Therefore, bicycles may be driven on sidewalks. When operating upon a one-way highway with two or more marked traffic lanes, in which case a bicyclist may ride as near to the left side of the roadway as practicable. New Jersey requires that every bicyclist must ride as near to the right side of the roadway as practicable, exercising due care when passing a standing vehicle or one proceeding in the same direction. Utah has no helmet law. Provide for the public sale or donation to a charitable organization of any bicycle that has been in the possession of the police or sheriff's department, unclaimed, for more than thirty days; Require every resident owner of a bicycle to obtain a license therefore and a license plate, tag, to be substantially attached to the bicycle; Prescribe the license fee, the license application forms and the license form; and. Montana requires that a person operating a bicycle upon on a roadway at less than the normal speed of traffic shall ride in the right-hand lane of the roadway subject to the following provisions: Montana allows bicycles to operate on sidewalks subject to the following rules: Montana does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. In addition, a motor vehicle operator may pass a bicycle traveling in the same direction in a non-passing zone with the duty to execute the pass only when it is safe to do so. Compilation of laws by Kansas Department of Transportation: No person shall, while operating a motor vehicle that is in motion on the traveled portion of a roadway, write, send, or read text-based communication using a personal communication device to manually communicate with any person using text-based communication; and. ), available here http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/mscode/. Utah currently has the following laws aimed at distracted driving, subject to limited exceptions: Source: Utah Code Ann. ), available here: http://www.le.state.ut.us/Documents/code_const.htm. Required by law with age restrictions Some states only require a helmet to be used up to a certain age. In Maine bicycles are not vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles, but a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of the driver of a vehicle, except as to those provisions which by their nature can have no application. Michigan does not provide any modifications to the requirement to come to a complete stop when directed to stop by traffic control devices and does not authorize bicyclists to disobey traffic lights that fail to detect bicyclists. The past few years have seen a marked increase in the number of electric bicycles (or e-bikes) in the U.S. Helmet laws address safety helmet use by motorcycle, low-power cycle (moped, scooter, motorized cycle), or bicycle riders. Ann. Seventy-two percent of those trips are currently made by cars and fewer than 2 percent by bicycle. A person operating a bicycle upon and along a sidewalk, or across a highway upon and along a crosswalk, shall yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian, and shall give an audible signal before overtaking and passing a pedestrian or another bicyclist; and. Indiana does not have a law that sets a specific distance for a motor vehicle overtaking a bicycle. Transp. Code 23110; 670; 21200. Any person convicted of the above offense shall be fined not less than two hundred dollars or imprisoned for not more than thirty days. New Hampshire requires that any person under the age of 16 riding a bicycle, as an operator or passenger, must wear a protective bicycle helmet. However, the law provides for exceptions to this requirement under any of the following situations: California does not have a statute that specifically authorizes or prohibits the operation of a bicycle upon a sidewalk. Source: Utah Code Ann. Ann. You must obey traffic signals and stop signs, yield to pedestrians in crosswalks and slow down in school zones. Ann. Bicycles should not be operated while intoxicated and operating a bicycle while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances may result in severe punishments. Cent. Operating in a lane that is too narrow for a bicycle or motor scooter and another vehicle to travel safely side by side within the lane. 5570 [awaiting Governor's signature as of 7/7/2021]. In Texas bicycles are vehicles according to the statute that defines vehicles and a person riding a bicycle has all of the rights and duties of a driver of a vehicle under the Texas Rules of the Road, except for special regulations specific to bicycles and those provisions that by their nature can have no application. Wisconsin, in conjunction with Harley-Davidson, offers Share the Road license plates. A roadway without a marked bicycle lane if the roadway has a marked speed limit of 45 miles per hour or less and the roadway does not have a double yellow line separating cars from oncoming traffic indicating a no passing zone. These include: Source: Nev. Rev. Delaware does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. The laws regulating the operation of bicycles in the state of South Carolina are generally found in Title 56 of the South Carolina Code of Laws (S.C. Code Ann. Vulnerable users are protected by laws requiring: Source: Vt. Stat. Nevada provides that any local authority may enact by ordinance traffic regulations which cover the same subject matter and which are not in conflict Nevada's traffic laws or regulations adopted pursuant thereto. Arizona specifically provides that statewide laws do not prohibit a local authority, with respect to streets and highways under its jurisdiction and within the reasonable exercise of the police power, from restricting the use of highways or regulating the operation of bicycles and requiring the registration and licensing of bicycles, including the requirement of a registration fee. Kentucky does not have any vulnerable road user laws at this time. Gen. Laws. Join us in making biking better across the country. The failure of any person to wear a required helmet shall not constitute contributory negligence or assumption of risk, and shall not in any way bar, preclude or foreclose an action for personal injury or wrongful death by or on behalf of such person, nor in any way diminish or reduce the damages recoverable in any such action. Rev. The holder of an intermediate license may not operate a moving motor vehicle while using a wireless communications device unless the holder is using the device to report illegal activity, summon medical or other emergency help, or prevent injury to a person or property. State traffic laws and vehicle codes remain the sole domain of states and state legislatures. New Hampshire's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. Stat. Source: N.H. Rev. 814.485; 814.489, Oregon, in conjunction with the Bicycle Transportation Alliance and Cycle Oregon, offers Share the Road license plates. Vermont does not require that bicyclists use any lane or path other than a normal vehicular traffic lane. Oregon protects vulnerable road users by providing increased penalties if the court determines that a person guilty of careless driving contributed to the serious physical injury or death of a vulnerable user of a public way: In addition, Oregon provides that the offense of vehicular assault of a bicyclist or pedestrian is a Class A misdemeanor which occurs if: Source: Or. Georgia's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to all vehicles and therefore applies to bicyclists. Assuming the continued robust growth of the e-bike industry, state legislatures will likely continue to grapple with defining e-bikes, clarifying operation, safety and equipment standards and further distinguishing from motorized vehicles such as mopeds and scooters. Rhode Island does not offer Share the Road license plates at this time. New Mexico's law prohibiting driving while under the influence of alcohol or other controlled substances is written so that it applies to vehicles and therefore does not directly apply to bicyclists. Kansas requires that wherever a usable path for bicycles has been provided adjacent to a roadway, bicycle riders shall use such path and shall not use the roadway. (b) A person under the age of 16 operating a motorized bicycle under a motorized bicycle permit is subject to the restrictions imposed by section 169.974, subdivision 2, on operation of a motorcycle under a two-wheel . Rev. Rev. 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Maryland, in conjunction with the Washington Area Bicyclist Association, offers Share the license.
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